Java – String to double conversion in 3 ways

May 30, 2017 SJ String Handling 0

In this article, we will discuss various ways to convert String to Double in Java

Q) What is the need of converting String to primitive double or Double wrapper-type ?

  • Generally, whenever we receive any data from web application then it is passed in the form of String only
  • To perform any mathematical operations on numbers which are received as String, need to be converted into respective type for further calculation
  • This article explains about String to primitive double or Double wrapper-type conversion only, but we can do conversion for other types like long, float, int, boolean, etc.
  • Note: Likewise, sometimes Double to String conversion is also required

1. Various ways to convert String to double (or Double)

  1. Using Double.parseDouble(“strValue”);
  2. Using Double.valueOf(“strValue”);
  3. Create Double object and then invoke doubleValue() method {i.e.; new Double(“strValue”).doubleValue();}

Read String class in detail with example

Let us move forward and discuss all possible ways to convert String to Double in Java

1.1 Using Double.parseDouble(“strValue”); method

  • This method can be used to convert String which constitutes of floating numbers (or digits) into primitive double data-type
  • Only sign is allowed, like minus (-)
  • Note: This conversion is done for higher precision values when compared with float value which is for lower precision
  • If passed string argument isn’t correctly formatted then NumberFormatException will be thrown as shown in the below E.1 example

Method signature:

public static double parseDouble(String s) throws NumberFormatException;

ConvertStringIntoDoubleUsingParseFloatMethod.java

package in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion;

public class ConvertStringIntoDoubleUsingParseFloatMethod {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// String with floating numbers or digits
		String str1 = "123.459876543123412";

		// 1. converting String to float
		double dblValue1 = Double.parseDouble(str1);
		System.out.println("1. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue1);

		// String with floating number/digits and minus sign (-)
		String str2 = "-123.498765431231522";

		// 2. converting String to float
		double dblValue2 = Double.parseDouble(str2);
		System.out.println("\n2. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue2);
	}
}

Output:

1. Converted double value is : 123.45987654312341

2. Converted double value is : -123.49876543123152

1.2 Using Double.valueOf(“strValue”); method

  • This method can be used to convert String which constitutes of floating numbers (or digits) into Double wrapper-type
  • Only sign is allowed, like minus (-)
  • Note: This conversion is done for higher precision values when compared with float value
  • If passed string isn’t correctly formatted then NumberFormatException will be thrown as shown in the below E.2 example

Method signature:

public static Double valueOf(String s) throws NumberFormatException;

ConvertStringIntoDoubleUsingValueOfMethod.java

package in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion;

public class ConvertStringIntoDoubleUsingValueOfMethod {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// String with floating numbers or digits
		String str1 = "98.769876543123415";

		// 1. converting String to Double
		Double dblValue1 = Double.valueOf(str1);
		System.out.println("1. Converted Double value is : "
				+ dblValue1);

		// String with floating number/digits and minus sign (-)
		String str2 = "-98.798765431234165";

		// 2. converting String to Double
		Double dblValue2 = Double.valueOf(str2);
		System.out.println("\n2. Converted Double value is : "
				+ dblValue2);
	}
}

Output:

1. Converted Double value is : 98.76987654312342

2. Converted Double value is : -98.79876543123416

1.3 Create Double object and then invoke doubleValue() method

  • Here, we will create new Double object with String as constructor-argument
  • After creating new Double object by passing string value, then invoke doubleValue() method for converting String to primitive double data-type
  • Passed string to constructor-argument should constitutes of floating numbers (or digits)
  • Only sign is allowed, like minus (-)
  • Note: This conversion is done for higher precision values when compared with float value
  • If passed string isn’t correctly formatted then NumberFormatException will be thrown as shown in the below E.3 example

Method signature:

public Double(String s) throws NumberFormatException;

public double doubleValue();

ConvertStringIntoFDoubleUsingDoubleValueMethod.java

package in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion;

public class ConvertStringIntoFDoubleUsingDoubleValueMethod {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// String with floating numbers or digits
		String str1 = "5.69876543123414545";

		// 1. converting String to double
		// by creating new Double Object
		Double double1 = new Double(str1);
		double dblValue1 = double1.doubleValue();
		System.out.println("1. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue1);

		// String with floating number/digits and minus sign (-)
		String str2 = "-5.45456987654312341";

		// 2. converting String to double
		// by creating new Double Object
		Double double2 = new Double(str2);
		double dblValue2 = double2.doubleValue();
		System.out.println("\n2. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue2);
	}
}

Output:

1. Converted double value is : 5.698765431234145

2. Converted double value is : -5.454569876543124

Exception scenario:

  • handle exception properly in all 3 ways
  • otherwise NumberFormatException will be thrown for incorrect string values (or not correctly formatted string)
  • and terminates program abruptly
  • we will see 3 different examples for all cases with E.1, E.2 and E.3

2. Exception scenarios:

  • In all above 3 cases, whenever string isn’t properly formatted to convert String to primitve double or Double wrapper-type, then NumberFormatException will be thrown
  • We will see, what happens if string isn’t correctly formatted for all 3 ways of conversion

2.1 Handle NumberFormatException while converting String to double using Double.parseDouble() method

ParseDoubleMethodThrowsNFE.java

package in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion;

public class ParseDoubleMethodThrowsNFE {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// String with floating numbers or digits
		String str1 = "12.3ben";

		// 1. converting String to double
		double dblValue1 = Double.parseDouble(str1);
		System.out.println("1. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue1);

		// String with floating number/digits and minus sign (-)
		String str2 = "-12.3ben";

		// 2. converting String to double
		double dblValue2 = Double.parseDouble(str2);
		System.out.println("\n2. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue2);
	}
}

Output:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException:
	For input string: "12.3ben"
	at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.readJavaFormatString(
			FloatingDecimal.java:2043)
	at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.parseDouble(
			FloatingDecimal.java:110)
	at java.lang.Double.parseDouble(Double.java:538)
	at in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion
	.ParseDoubleMethodThrowsNFE
	.main(ParseDoubleMethodThrowsNFE.java:11)

2.2 Handle NumberFormatException while converting String to double using Double.valueOf() method

DoubleValueOfMethodThrowsNFE.java

package in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion;

public class DoubleValueOfMethodThrowsNFE {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// String with floating numbers or digits
		String str1 = "54.5345678ben";

		// 1. converting String to double
		// by creating new Double Object
		Double double1 = new Double(str1);
		double dblValue1 = double1.doubleValue();
		System.out.println("1. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue1);

		// String with floating number/digits and minus sign (-)
		String str2 = "-54.5456758679898ben";

		// 2. converting String to double
		// by creating new Double Object
		Double double2 = new Double(str2);
		double dblValue2 = double2.doubleValue();
		System.out.println("\n2. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue2);
	}
}

Output:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException:
	For input string: "54.5345678ben"
	at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.readJavaFormatString(
			FloatingDecimal.java:2043)
	at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.parseDouble(
			FloatingDecimal.java:110)
	at java.lang.Double.parseDouble(Double.java:538)
	at java.lang.Double.<init>(Double.java:608)
	at in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion
	.DoubleValueOfMethodThrowsNFE
	.main(DoubleValueOfMethodThrowsNFE.java:11)

2.3 Handle NumberFormatException while converting String to float using doubleValue() method

DoubleValueMethodThrowsNFE.java

package in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion;

public class DoubleValueMethodThrowsNFE {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// String with floating numbers or digits
		String str1 = "98.734t54356667ben1";

		// 1. converting String to double
		// by creating new Double Object
		Double double1 = new Double(str1);
		double dblValue1 = double1.doubleValue();
		System.out.println("1. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue1);

		// String with floating number/digits and minus sign (-)
		String str2 = "-98.7123324658978ben";

		// 2. converting String to double
		// by creating new Double Object
		Double double2 = new Double(str2);
		double dblValue2 = double2.doubleValue();
		System.out.println("\n2. Converted double value is : "
				+ dblValue2);
	}
}

Output:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException:
	For input string: "98.734t54356667ben1"
	at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.readJavaFormatString(
			FloatingDecimal.java:2043)
	at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.parseDouble(
			FloatingDecimal.java:110)
	at java.lang.Double.parseDouble(Double.java:538)
	at java.lang.Double.<init>(Double.java:608)
	at in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion
	.DoubleValueMethodThrowsNFE
	.main(DoubleValueMethodThrowsNFE.java:11)

Q) What if we want to convert primitive double data-type to Double wrapper-type or vice-versa ?

  • Auto-boxing feature available from Java 1.5 version
  • So, converting primitive data-type to wrapper-type can easily be done, by directly assigning
  • Let’s see one example based on this auto-boxing feature

3. Auto-boxing and un-boxing feature from Java 1.5 version:

  • parseDouble() method returns primitive double type but it can be easily used as Double wrapper-type
  • as auto-boxing feature helps to convert primitive type to wrapper-types
  • similarly, Double.valueOf() method returns Double wrapper-type but it can also be used as primitive double data-type
  • let’s see one example on this auto-boxing feature at the very end

AutoBoxingFeatureForDoubleConversion.java

package in.bench.resources.string.to.dobule.conversion;

public class AutoBoxingFeatureForDoubleConversion {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// String with floating numbers or digits
		String str1 = "12.34992832475";

		// string to double conversion
		double dblValue1 = Double.parseDouble(str1);

		// 1. Auto-Boxing - converting double to Double
		Double dblAutoBoxing = dblValue1;
		System.out.println("1. Auto-Boxing : "
				+ dblAutoBoxing);

		// String with floating number/digits and minus sign (-)
		String str2 = "-98.763429432894328845";

		// string to Double conversion
		// -98.76342943289433
		Double dblValue2 = Double.valueOf(str2); 

		// 2. Un-Boxing - converting Double to double
		double dblUnBoxing = dblValue2;
		System.out.println("\n2. Un-Boxing   : "
				+ dblUnBoxing);
	}
}

Output:

1. Auto-Boxing : 12.34992832475

2. Un-Boxing   : -98.76342943289433

Hope, you found this article very helpful. If you have any suggestion or want to contribute any other way or tricky situation you faced during Interview hours, then share with us. We will include that code here.

Related Articles:

References:

Happy Coding !!
Happy Learning !!

Java - Double to String conversion in 6 ways
Java - Float to String conversion in 6 ways

Related posts:

  1. Java – Double to String conversion in 6 ways
  2. Java – String to int conversion in 3 ways
  3. Java – Long to String conversion in 6 ways
  4. Short to String conversion in Java – 5 ways